VOLODIMIR ČAVJAK OFICIR UKRAJINSKE POBUNJENIČKE ARMIJE
Piše:
Božidar Proročić
Ekskluzivno
Iz knjige u pripremi ,,Ukrajinska pobunjenička armija besmrtnih 1942-1956“ koja
govori o istorijatu, razvoju, ulozi i značaju UPA u Ukrajinu jedan od 150
portreta komandanata koji su zastupljeni u njoj.
Volodimir Čavjak (ukr: Володимир Іванович
Чав'як pseudonim: ,,Čornota“) rođen je
24. avgusta 1922., selo Tustanj, sada Galički okrug, Ivano-Frankivski
region – umro 13. decembar 1991, Galič, Ivano-Frankivski region) - ukrajinski
vojnik, sotnik-oficir UPA, komandant odreda ,,Zvona“ (1945-1947) Taktički
odsjek-22 ,,Crna šuma.“ ,, Vitez bronzanog
krsta za vojne zasluge (1945) i ,,Srebrni krst vojnih zasluga II stepena“
(15.08.1946).
Rođen
je 1922. godine u selu Tustanj blizu Galiča, gimnaziju je završio u
Stanislavovu, đe je postao član OUN-a. Uzeo je pseudonim u čast Ivanu Čornoti,
savezniku Bogdana Hmeljnickog. Bio je jedan od prvih dobrovoljaca UPA-e u
Galiciji, a na obuku je otišao kao vojnik strijelac 28. jula 1943. godine.
Postao je komandant manje grupe (roj od avgusta 1943), komandant čete stotina
,,Zmija“, pod komandom legendarnog ,,Rizun-a“ (Vasilj Andrusjak) (od aprila
1944.) i komandant kurirske grupe koja je otišla na Zapad (od avgusta 1947). U
Češkoj je u novembru 1947, Volodimir Čavjak teško ranjen u okršaju sa češkom
žandarmerijom u selu zapadno od Brna i pao bez svijesti u neprijateljske ruke.
Predat je SSSR-u. Bio je pod istragom od januara 1948. do marta 1949. godine.
Pokušao je da izvrši samoubistvo, ali bezuspješno. Osuđen na 25 godina teškog
zatvora. Kaznu je izdržavao u Vorkuti. Pušten je 1957. sa zabranom življenja u
zapadnoj Ukrajini, pa se preselio u grad Lugansk, đe je u rudniku radio do
1965. godine. Na kraju se vratio u grad Galič, đe je do penzije radio kao
elektro- zavarivač. Periodično ga je progonio KGB.
Umro
je 13. decembra 1991. u gradu Galič, oblast Ivano-Frankivska.
Godinu
dana pred odlazak u vječnost i legendu Volodimir Čavjak je 1990 godine, napisao
kratku autobiografiju-memoarskog karaktera o svom učešću u UPA, o svojim
iskustvima u pritvorima u Beču, Stanislavovu i Kijivu (bio je u istoj ćeliji
sa mitropolitom Ukrajinske Grčko-Katoličke crkve Volodimirom Sternjukom),
zatvoru u Vorkuti i progonima KGB-a nakon formalnog puštanja na ,,slobodu“.
Završio je ovu knjigu sljedećim riječima:
,,
Ovo je moj život. Sanjao sam ga još od djetinjstva. Nije se dogodilo kako sam
očekivao. Ali ja ne stenjam od rana, ne žalim se na sudbinu, jer nam se
osmjehuje Slobodna Ukrajina. Neko je morao da plati slobodu, Bože, i ja sam
platio. Slava mu. Slava Ukrajini! Slava herojima!!!“
Ukazom
UPA-zapad od 1. septembra 1946. horužniku UPA-e Volodimiru Čavjaku, zapovjedniku
odreda UPA ,,Zvono“ - ,,Čornota“, 1. februara 1945. dodijeljen mu je
odlikovanje ,,Bronzani krst za vojne zasluge zasluge UPA“ (za hrabrost i vješto
zapovjedništvo nad odredom). Naredbom Regionalnog vojnog štaba Ukrajinske
pobunjeničke armije-Zapad, 20. dio od 15. avgusta 1946., sotnik-oficir UPA-e
Volodimir Čavjak - ,,Čornota“ odlikovan je ,,Srebrnim krstom vojnih zasluga
Ukrajinske pobunjeničke armije II stepena“ od 22. januara 1946. (za hrabrost
pokazanu u borbi i junaštvo i vješto vođenje borbenih jedinica). U
Ivano-Frankivsku se nalazi ulica sotnika-oficira nazvana po Volodimiru Čavjaku.
U 2011. godini otkrivena je spomen-ploča
u zgradi u ulici Konovaleca 25 u Galičini (đe je od 1960. do 1991. živio komandant
odreda UPA Volodimir Čavjak).
1.
decembra 2017. godine u ime Kordinacionog vijeća za počast i sjećanje na
nagrađene vitezove OUN-a i UPA-e u Galiču, Ivano-Frankivska oblast. ,,Srebrni
krst vojne zasluge ukrajinske pobunjeničke armije II stepena“ (№ 012) i
,,Bronzani krst za vojne zasluge Ukrajinske pobunjeničke armije (№ 037) predati
su Romanu Kruku, najbližem rođaku Volodimira Čavjaka - ,,Čornota.“
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